Wall Street Journal & CalTech: Research on Performance, Loss Aversion, and Incentives

A recent article published in the Wall Street Journal called Big Incentives Can Hinder, Rather Than Help, which talks about a research coming out of CalTech that showed that positive incentives work up until a certain point, but then performance starts to drop. The suggested explanation is that performance drops due to distraction, which happens due to loss aversion – that is, performance drops due to anxiety introduced by the idea of “If I don’t do well, then I won’t get my reward!”

Continue reading

Forbes: The Sleepy Little HR Software Market is on Fire

Our summary: while this article is several months old, it discusses how the HR market is heating up as companies are upgrading their Talent Management infrastructure.  We are in the right market. :)

The Sleepy Little HR Software Market Is On Fire

by Josh Bersin
Originally Published on 2/09/2012

There is a sleepy old enterprise software market for HR systems which is on fire. Within the last 60 days, SAP acquired SuccessFactors for $3.4 billion (nearly 10X revenues) and Oracle just acquired Taleo (leading software provider for corporate recruiting) for $1.9 billion (around 5.3X revenues).

There are three huge trends taking place. Continue reading

Established Case 2: Justifying Bonus Compensation

Established Case 2: Justifying Bonus Compensation

Scenario

At the end of every year, the management team would lock themselves up in a cabin in the woods and managers would fight for their employees to get them into the top-performer percentile.  The company had rank-and-yank workflow/structure, which was anything but transparent.  Almost all employees felt deeply dissatisfied with their bonuses and quickly burned out causing significant churn in the company.

Deployment

  • 10% of gross profits allocated towards bonus compensation (no change from previous size)
  • 360 FairImpact monthly expectation-based performance evaluation
  • Vesting: 2 years
  • Divesting: 6 months

Impact

  • Improved Employee Retention: while the size of bonuses did not improve, transparency and mathematical rigor lead to employees feeling that bonus calculation was fair.
  • Less Management: regular 360 evaluations reduced management load allowing for mid-level managers to get more involved in front-line operations.
  • Light Touch Performance: before performance management involved a “score card” and was done every 6 months.  Switching to monthly single-question evaluations forced improved communication of expectations.  Some started doing bi-weekly evaluations to ensure constant feedback between management and front-line employees.
  • Early Problem Detection: transparency of missed expectations lead to management becoming aware of potential problems early thus giving them a chance to assist before minor issues develop into crises.
  • Improved Morale: because everyone had a voice and felt that management was trying to be transparently fair, culture significantly improved.

Video: TED – Rory Sutherland – Perspective is Everything

Rory Sutherland discusses the importance of perception making the point that it cannot be disconnected from economics.  Some important takeaways:

  • perception of control leads to happiness
  • existence of expectations reduces anxiety
  • ROI without analysis of perception is incomplete
  • classical economics is preoccupied with reality

How does FairSetup compare to: Salary, Hourly, Stock Options, Equity, Bonuses?

FairSetup offers numerous advantages over existing models:

  • Salary/Hourly pay for time, not impact.
    • A high salary doesn’t always translate into productivity.
    • Paying hourly creates an incentive to spend more time.
    • FairSetup: people accept a lower salary and participate in the upside.  This “skin in the game” results in employees caring deeply about the outcome.
  • Stock Options/Equity are a bad short-term incentive.
    • Hard to evaluate actual worth.
    • Require significant effort to deploy.
    • Equity is hard to take away – there is no divesting.
      • Dilution is not a good solution for large dynamic teams.
    • Stock options generally expire after an individual leaves.
      • Stock options can have reverse vesting, but it’s rare.
    • Tax issues…
    • FairSetup: impact-based compensation can be paid out as part of salary and an individual automatically divests over time after departure.
  • Bonuses – are not an effective way to manage people unless very carefully used.
    • Small bonuses – people are upset because they don’t make enough.
    • Large bonuses – people are upset because then the boss must make an even larger undisclosed amount.
    • FairSetup: the compensation is transparently connected to profits.

Rationale: Why does FairShare make sense?

FairShare is the most advanced form of deployment of the FairSetup model.  Before discussing FairShare, let’s focus on why people work.

While money is the central component of any business, money is generally not the primary motivator.  When do people work best?  When they feel that they are treated fairly – when they feel that, if they put in a lot of effort, they are adequately rewarded for their impact.  Until now, this sort of mindset was reserved for startups.  FairSetup is a new type of compensation: one where a motivated company culture is achieved for by creating a system that fairly rewards all participants for their impact.

What makes people feel like their are being treated fairly?  The ultimate form of fairness is a feeling of ownership.

What is ownership?  It is 1) the ability to make decisions and 2) ownership of future profits. Most, especially late-stage commodity-type, employees are not interested in making strategic-level decisions.  At the same time, they do want to profit from their impact on the company and are willing to take a risk to participate in the upside.

FairShare, the most advanced form of deployment of FairSetup, offers exactly that – if you are an employee who works hard and the company does well, you own some of that tasty future profit.  The goal of FairShare is to give employees a sense of ownership so that they work hard and profit when the company does well and share in company’s plight when it doesn’t.

FairShare is an easy-to-understand transparent profit-sharing model.  Hiring additional people to grow your team becomes easier – no need to dilute, dilution happens naturally as more people become members in the compensation pool.

What’s even better is that FairShare helps address the necessary transience of high quality employees.  For example: let’s say that you need a high quality programmer when building a large system.  After the system is built, their involvement is no longer necessary.  Under FairShare, the programmer will want to build the system as quickly as possible and then move on to other interesting projects, because most compensation comes from success of the system, not the act of building it.

All in all, FairShare brings entrepreneurship into organizations of any size.